Milestones in Ordination: a timeline

• 1901 - Pearson develops PCA as a regression technique
• 1927 - Spearman applies factor analysis to psychology
• 1930 - Ramensky uses an informal ordination technique and the term "Ordnung" in ecology
• 1933 - Hotelling develops PCA for understanding the correlation matrix
• 1950 - Curtis and McIntosh employ the "continuum index" approach
• 1952 - Williams uses Correspondence Analysis
• 1954 - Goodall uses the term "ordination" for PCA
• 1957 - Bray-Curtis (Polar) ordination
• 1964 - Kruskal develops NMDS
• 1970's - Whittaker develops theoretical foundations of gradient analysis
• 1973 - Hill revives Correspondence Analysis
• 1976 - Canonical Correlation introduced to ecology
• 1977 - Fasham, Prentice use NMDS
• 1979 - DCA introduced by Hill and Gauch
• 1982 - Gauch's "Multivariate Analysis in Community Ecology"
• 1986 - CCA introduced by ter Braak
• 1986 - Fuzzy set ordination introduced by Roberts
• 1988 - ter Braak and Prentice's "Theory of Gradient Analysis"

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This page was created and is maintained by Michael Palmer.
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